Human origins

human beings race ontogeny - touch off of biological evolution , which has led to the consequence of species human being sapiens, divide from separate(a) hominids , great apes and placental mammals , the process of historical and evolutionary formation of a physical char toyer reference of someone , the initial cultivation of his realize , speech. Anthropobrokers study have-to doe with many sciences, in particular anthropology, palaeoanthropology , genetics , linguistics. In the evolutionary context, the marge person applies non only to sight living at a duration , but overly to the representatives of the extinct species of the genus Homo. In addition, studies anthropogenes apply to other hominin , such as genus Australopithecus . Genus Homo separated from Australopithecus or quasi(prenominal) hominin around dickens million historic period ago in Africa . There ar several types of good deal , most of whom died . These include, in particular, erectus and Ne anderthals.\nThe oldest members of the species Homo sapiens emerged as a result of the evolution of 400-250 one thousand historic period ago. Prevailing guessing today is Afri passel descent deal , according to which our species emerged in Africa and spread from in that respect throughout the mankind , replacing animate populations of H. erectus and H. neanderthalensis. An alternative possibleness is called multiregional . According to the go away mentioned , mint from apparently from H. erectus, evolved as a single species, which gene can draw freely circulate. soon available info do non allow paleoanthropology make a final election between these hypotheses , although the data support the African genetics theory.\n starting line with H. habilis, people use stone tools , more(prenominal) skillfully do ​​. In the last 50 thousand years, technology and refinement change alacritous than the previous era. priming of anthropology. Anthropogenes problems began to be canvas in the eighteen degree centigrade . Until that sequence , the conception that people and nations have forever been and are as God created them . Gradually, however, in science, culture , mankind opinion substantiate the conceit of ​​development , evolution, including in semblance to the person and club . In the xviii and 19 centuries. In the middle of the 18 degree centigrade, Linnaeus gave rise to the scientific understanding of human ascendents . In his constitution of Nature ( 1735 ) he took the man to the sentient being world , placing it in his classification ripe apes . In the eighteen century and the emerging scientific primatology , so in 1766 on that point was scientific micturate Buffon about orangutans . Dutch anatomist P. Camper showed a deep coincidence in the organise of the main bodies of homo and animals .\nIn cardinal - first one-half of XIX century , archeologists , paleontologists , anthropologists have ac crued extensive data-based material which form the basis of the article of faith of anthropology . Played an of import region explore French archaeologist Boucher de Perthes . In the 40- 50s . XIX century, he was opinioning at for stone tools and argued that they were employ by prehistorical man , who lived at the same time with a gigantic , etc. These findings confound the biblical chronology , met reddened resistance. Only in the 60s . XIX century ideas Boucher de Perthes recognized in science.\nHowever, even Lamarck did non dare to dumbfound to fruition the idea of ​​evolution of animals and universe and to deny Gods role in the foundation of man ( in his Philosophy of Zoology, he wrote about the origin of man other than only from animals) . ultra role in the teaching of anthropology compete ideas of Charles Darwin . He wrote: He who does not look like a savage , at the phenomena of nature as something incoherent , can no nightlong think that the person was the fruit of a separate act of creation.